Source: HadeethEnc.com, English v1.25.0
Arabic text
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رضي الله عنهما أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَيُقِيمُوا الصَّلاَةَ، وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ، فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّ الإِسْلاَمِ، وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ».
Translation
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I have been commanded to fight people until they testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establish prayer, and pay Zakah; if they do so, they protect their blood and properties from me, except through the right of Islam; and their reckoning is with Allah."
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informs that Allah commanded him to fight the polytheists until they testify that no deity is truly worthy of worship except Allah alone without any partner and that Muhammad (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) is His Messenger and act upon this testimony by observing the five prayers every day and night and paying the obligatory Zakah to those who are entitled to receive it. If they do these things, Islam protects their lives and properties, and it, thus, becomes unlawful to kill them unless they commit a crime or felony that makes them worthy of being killed in compliance with the rulings of Islam. Then, on the Day of Judgment, Allah Almighty will be in charge of their reckoning as He knows their innermost thoughts.
Benefits
- External aspects are what count in rulings, whereas the intentions are judged by Allah.
- The importance of calling to Tawhīd (monotheism) and the fact that it is the first thing to start with in Da‘wah (calling to Allah).
- This Hadīth does not imply forcing the polytheists to embrace Islam; rather, they have the choice either to enter Islam or pay Jizyah (protection tax). However, if they insist on preventing the call to Islam, then, the only option is to fight them in compliance with the rulings of Islam.
Explanation: العربية
يُخْبِرُ النبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أنَّ اللهَ أمرَه بمقاتلة المشركين حتى يشهدوا بأن لا معبود بحق إلا الله وحده لا شريك له، ويشهدوا لمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم بالرسالة، والعمل بمقتضى هذه الشهادة من المحافظة على الصلوات الخمس في اليوم والليلة، ويعطوا الزكاة المفروضة لمستحقيها. فإذا فعلوا هذه الأمورَ فإنَّ الإسلام يَعْصِمُ دماءَهم وأموالَهم، فلا يَحِلُّ قتلُهم إلا إذا ارتكبوا جريمة أو جناية يستحقون عليها القتل بموجب أحكام الإسلام، ثم يوم القيامة يتولى الله تعالى حسابَهم حيث يعلم سرائرَهم.
- الأحكام إنما تَجْرِي على الظواهر، والله يتولَّى السرائر.
- أهمية الدعوة إلى التوحيد وأنه أول ما يُبدأ به في الدعوة.
- لا يعني هذا الحديث إكراه المشركين على الدخول في الإسلام، بل هم مُخَيَّرون بين الدخول في الإسلام أو دفع الجزية؛ فإنْ أبوا إلا مَنع الدعوة إلى الإسلام، فليس إلا المقاتلة بموجب أحكام الإسلام.