Source: HadeethEnc.com, English v1.25.0
Arabic text
عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، مَوْلَى ابْنِ أَزْهَرَ، قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ العِيدَ مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: هَذَانِ يَوْمَانِ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صِيَامِهِمَا: يَوْمُ فِطْرِكُمْ مِنْ صِيَامِكُمْ، وَاليَوْمُ الآخَرُ تَأْكُلُونَ فِيهِ مِنْ نُسُكِكُمْ.
Translation
Abu ‘Ubayd, the ex-slave of Ibn Az'har, reported: I witnessed Eid with ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said: These are two days that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting: the day of breaking your fast, and the other day in which you eat from your sacrifice.
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting on the days of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Ad'ha. As for Eid al-Fitr, it is the day of breaking the fast after the month of Ramadan, and as for the day of Eid al-Ad'ha, it is the day of eating from the sacrifices.
Benefits
- It is prohibited to fast on the days of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Ad'ha, and the days of Tashrīq, as they are connected to the day of Eid al-Ad'ha, except for one who does not have a sacrificial animal, as it is permissible for him to fast on the days of Tashrīq.
- Ibn Hajar said: it is said: The benefit of describing these two days is to indicate the legal cause for the obligation of breaking the fast therein, which is to distinguish them from fasting and to show the completion of the fast by breaking it afterward. The other cause is the sacrifice that is meant to draw close to Allah by slaughtering it to eat from it.
- It is recommended for the speaker to mention in his sermon what relates to the time at hand in terms of rulings and to be mindful of relevant occasions.
- Permissibility of eating from the sacrifice.
Explanation: العربية
نَهَى النبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عن صيام يوم عيد الفطر وعيد الأضحى؛ فأما عيد الفطر فيوم الفطر من صيام شهر رمضان، وأما يوم عيد الأضحى فيوم الأكل من الأضاحي.
- تحريم صوم يَوْمَيْ عيد الفطر والأضحى وأيام التشريق؛ لأنها تابعة ليوم الأضحى إلا مَن لم يجدِ الهديَ فيجوز له صيام أيام التشريق.
- قال ابن حجر: قيل: وفائدة وصف اليومين الإشارة إلى العلة في وجوب فطرهما، وهو الفَصْل من الصوم، وإظهار تمامه وحده بفطر ما بعده، والآخر لأجل النسك المتقرب بذبحه ليؤكل منه.
- يستحب للخطيب أن يذكر في خطبته ما يتعلق بوقته من الأحكام ويتحرى المناسبات.
- مشروعية الأكل من النُّسك.