Source: HadeethEnc.com, English v1.25.0
Arabic text
عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم يَقُولُ: «إنَّ الحَلَالَ بَيِّنٌ، وَإِنَّ الحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَهُمَا مُشْتَبِهَاتٌ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ، فَمَنْ اتَّقَى الشُّبُهَاتِ اسْتَبْرَأَ لِدِينِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ، وَمَنْ وَقَعَ فِي الشُّبُهَاتِ وَقَعَ فِي الحَرَامِ، كَالرَّاعِي يَرْعَى حَوْلَ الحِمَى يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَرْتَعَ فِيهِ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ مَلِكٍ حِمًى، أَلَّا وَإِنَّ حِمَى اللَّهِ مَحَارِمُهُ، أَلَّا وَإِنَّ فِي الجَسَدِ مُضْغَةً إذَا صَلَحَتْ صَلَحَ الجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، وَإذَا فَسَدَتْ فَسَدَ الجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، أَلَا وَهِيَ القَلْبُ».
Translation
Abu ‘Abdullah an-Nu‘mān ibn Bashīr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: "Verily, the lawful is clear, and the unlawful is clear, and between them are doubtful matters many people do not know. Whoever avoids doubtful matters clears his liability regarding his religion and his honor, and whoever falls into doubtful matters will fall into the unlawful, just like the shepherd who grazes his animals in the vicinity of a prohibited pasture and is thus likely to graze therein. Verily, every king has a protected area, and the protected area of Allah is His prohibitions. Verily, in the body, there is a piece of flesh; if it is sound, the entire body will be sound, and if it is corrupt, the entire body will be corrupt; verily, that is the heart."
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) explains a general rule in matters and that they fall under three categories in the Shariah: clearly lawful matters, clearly unlawful matters, and doubtful matters with the rulings on whether they are illegal or lawful being unclear and unknown to many people. So, whoever abandons those suspicious matters keeps his religion safe by avoiding falling into the unlawful and keeps his honor safe from people's criticism of him for engaging in such doubtful things. Whoever does not avoid doubtful matters risks falling into the unlawful or being maligned by people. The Messenger (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) provided a parable to demonstrate the condition of a person who engages in doubtful matters, saying that he is like a shepherd who grazes his cattle close to a piece of land protected by its owner; so, his cattle are likely to pasture in this protected land, given its proximity. Likewise, he who engages in a suspicious matter draws near to the unlawful and is likely to fall into it. Then, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) informed that there is a piece of flesh in the body, namely the heart, and when it is sound, the whole body is sound, and if it is corrupt, the entire body becomes corrupt.
Benefits
- The Hadīth represents a rule for avoiding suspicious matters.
- The Hadīth urges us to avoid suspicious matters with unclear rulings.
Explanation: العربية
يُبَيِّنُ النبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قاعدةً عامةً في الأشياء، وأنها تنقسم في الشريعة إلى ثلاثة أقسام: حَلال بَيِّن، وحرام بَيِّن، وأمور مشتبهات غير واضحة الحكم من حيث الحِلِّ والحُرْمة، لا يعلم حُكمَها كثير من الناس. فمَن ترك تلك الأشياء المشتبهة عليه سَلِم دينُه بالبُعد عن الوقوع في الحرام، وسَلِم له عِرضُه من كلام الناس بما يَعيبون عليه بسبب ارتكابه هذا المشتبه. ومَن لم يجتنب المشتبهات فقد عَرَّض نفسَه إما بالوقوع في الحرام، أو نيل الناس من عرضه. وضرب الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم مثلًا ليُبيِّن حال من يرتكب الشبهات وأنه كالراعي يرعى ماشيتَه قُرْبَ أرضٍ قد حماها صاحبها، فتوشك ماشيةُ الراعي أن ترعى في هذا الحمى لقربها منه، فكذلك من يفعل ما فيه شبهة، فإنه بذلك يقترب من الحرام فيوشك أن يقع فيه. وبعدها أخبر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن في الجسد مضغة (وهي القلب) يصلح الجسد بصلاحها، ويفسد بفسادها.
- الحديث قاعدة في اتقاء الشبهات.
- الترغيب في ترك المشتبِه، الذي لم يَتبيّن حكمُه.