Source: HadeethEnc.com, English v1.25.0
Arabic text
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِالطَّوَاغِي، وَلَا بِآبَائِكُمْ».
Translation
‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not swear by Tawāghi (idols) nor by your fathers."
Explanation
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) forbids us from swearing by Tawāghi, the plural of Tāghiyah, and these are the idols that the polytheists used to worship apart from Allah and they were the cause of their wrongdoing and Kufr (disbelief). He (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) also forbids us from swearing by our fathers. It was a common practice among the Arabs in Jāhiliyyah to swear by their fathers out of pride and exaltation.
Benefits
- It is only permissible to swear by Allah and His names and attributes.
- It is prohibited to swear by false deities, fathers, leaders, and idols, as well as all invalid things.
- Swearing by other than Allah is a form of minor Shirk, and it may be a major Shirk if he has in his heart a sense of reverence for the thing sworn by and that he reveres it as he reveres Allah, or that he believes it to be part of worship.
Explanation: العربية
يَنْهَى النبيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عن الحَلِف بالطواغي، جمع طاغية، وهي الأصنام التي كان المشركون يَعبدونها مِن دون الله، وهي سببُ طغيانِهم وكفرِهم، وينهى صلى الله عليه وسلم عن الحلف بالآباء؛ حيث كان من عادة العرب في الجاهلية أن يَحلفوا بآبائهم افتخارًا وتعظيمًا.
- الحَلف لا يجوز إلا بالله وأسمائه وصفاته.
- تحريم الحلف بالطواغيت، والآباء والرؤساء والأصنام، وما شابَهَها من كل باطل.
- الحلف بغير الله من الشرك الأصغر، وقد يكون شركًا أكبر، إذا قام بقلبه تعظيم المحلوف به وأنه يعظِّمه كما يعظِّم الله أو أنه يعتقد فيه شيئًا من العبادة.